diff --git a/src/ccma/storage/repository.py b/src/ccma/storage/repository.py
index 3bdc5cb..826002a 100644
--- a/src/ccma/storage/repository.py
+++ b/src/ccma/storage/repository.py
@@ -1426,6 +1426,44 @@ class MemberRepository:
         )
         return payment
 
+    def update_payment_reference(
+        self,
+        member_id: str,
+        payment_id: str,
+        *,
+        reference: str,
+        gnucash_transaction_id: str = "",
+        actor_name: str = "Vorstand",
+    ) -> dict:
+        """Relabel an existing payment without touching its date, amount, or
+        allocations -- used e.g. when a GnuCash import recognizes a booking as
+        matching an already-recorded payment and the board wants to adopt the
+        (better) description from the statement instead of re-importing it."""
+        data = self.get_contributions(member_id)
+        payment = next(
+            (item for item in data.payments if str(item.get("payment_id", "")) == payment_id),
+            None,
+        )
+        if payment is None:
+            raise RepositoryError("Zahlung nicht gefunden.")
+        gnucash_id = gnucash_transaction_id.strip()
+        if gnucash_id and gnucash_id != str(payment.get("gnucash_transaction_id", "")):
+            self._assert_gnucash_id_available(gnucash_id, exclude_payment_id=payment_id)
+        payment["reference"] = reference.strip()
+        if gnucash_id:
+            payment["gnucash_transaction_id"] = gnucash_id
+        payment["updated_at"] = datetime.now().astimezone().isoformat(timespec="seconds")
+        self.save_contributions(member_id, data)
+        self.append_event(
+            member_id,
+            event_type="payment_changed",
+            summary=f"Zahlung geändert: Referenz aktualisiert ({payment['reference']})",
+            actor_type="user",
+            actor_name=actor_name,
+            references={"payment_id": payment_id},
+        )
+        return payment
+
     def delete_payment(self, member_id: str, payment_id: str) -> None:
         data = self.get_contributions(member_id)
         payment = next(
diff --git a/src/ccma/ui/gnucash_import_dialog.py b/src/ccma/ui/gnucash_import_dialog.py
index 5b4fd0e..9fa1853 100644
--- a/src/ccma/ui/gnucash_import_dialog.py
+++ b/src/ccma/ui/gnucash_import_dialog.py
@@ -27,12 +27,14 @@ from ccma.ui.monitors import centered_geometry, preferred_monitor
 
 class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
     """Lets the board point at a GnuCash file, pick one account, narrow its bookings
-    down with filters, and tick which ones to import as payments for this member.
+    down with filters, and select (multi-select: click, Ctrl+click, Shift+click for
+    ranges) which ones to import as payments for this member.
 
     Only bookings with a positive amount on the selected account are offered (money
-    coming in), and any booking whose date + amount already match an existing payment
-    for this member is flagged and cannot be checked -- avoiding accidental double
-    imports if the same statement is imported twice."""
+    coming in). A booking whose date + amount already match an existing payment for
+    this member is flagged, but can still be selected -- at import time, the board is
+    asked whether to skip those or instead adopt the booking's description onto the
+    already-recorded payment, rather than silently blocking them."""
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -51,8 +53,7 @@ class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
         self.accounts: list[GnuCashAccount] = []
         self.account_by_label: dict[str, GnuCashAccount] = {}
         self.transactions: list[GnuCashTransaction] = []
-        self.selected_guids: set[str] = set()
-        self.existing_payment_keys: set[tuple[str, str]] = set()
+        self.existing_payment_by_key: dict[tuple[str, str], str] = {}
 
         self.title("Zahlungen aus GnuCash importieren")
         self.transient(master.winfo_toplevel())
@@ -123,12 +124,11 @@ class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
         tree_frame.rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
         self.tree = ttk.Treeview(
             tree_frame,
-            columns=("selected", "date", "description", "memo", "amount", "status"),
+            columns=("date", "description", "memo", "amount", "status"),
             show="headings",
-            selectmode="browse",
+            selectmode="extended",
         )
         for key, title, width in (
-            ("selected", "Import", 60),
             ("date", "Datum", 100),
             ("description", "Beschreibung", 280),
             ("memo", "Memo", 180),
@@ -137,20 +137,21 @@ class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
         ):
             self.tree.heading(key, text=title)
             self.tree.column(key, width=width, anchor="w", stretch=key in {"description", "memo"})
-        self.tree.column("selected", anchor="center")
         self.tree.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")
         scrollbar = ttk.Scrollbar(tree_frame, orient="vertical", command=self.tree.yview)
         scrollbar.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky="ns")
         self.tree.configure(yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)
         self.tree.tag_configure("duplicate", background="#7a2323", foreground="#ffffff")
-        self.tree.bind("<Button-1>", self._on_tree_click)
+        self.tree.bind("<<TreeviewSelect>>", lambda _event: self._update_summary())
 
         ttk.Label(
             self,
             text=(
                 "Es werden nur Buchungen mit positivem Betrag auf dem gewählten Konto angezeigt "
-                "(eingehende Zahlungen). Rot markierte Buchungen haben Datum und Betrag einer bereits "
-                "vorhandenen Zahlung dieses Mitglieds und können nicht erneut importiert werden."
+                "(eingehende Zahlungen). Mehrfachauswahl per Klick, Strg+Klick oder Umschalt+Klick. "
+                "Rot markierte Buchungen haben Datum und Betrag einer bereits vorhandenen Zahlung "
+                "dieses Mitglieds; beim Import kann gewählt werden, ob diese übersprungen werden "
+                "oder ob die Beschreibung der vorhandenen Zahlung ersetzt wird."
             ),
             style="Mono.TLabel",
             wraplength=900,
@@ -174,10 +175,10 @@ class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
 
     def _load_existing_payment_keys(self) -> None:
         data = self.repository.get_contributions(self.member_id)
-        self.existing_payment_keys = {
-            (str(payment.get("date", "")), money_text(payment.get("amount", "0")))
-            for payment in data.payments
-        }
+        self.existing_payment_by_key = {}
+        for payment in data.payments:
+            key = (str(payment.get("date", "")), money_text(payment.get("amount", "0")))
+            self.existing_payment_by_key.setdefault(key, str(payment.get("payment_id", "")))
 
     def _browse_file(self) -> None:
         current_text = self.file_var.get().strip()
@@ -213,7 +214,6 @@ class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
         self.account_combo.configure(values=list(self.account_by_label))
         if self.account_by_label and self.account_var.get() not in self.account_by_label:
             self.account_var.set(self._preferred_account_label() or next(iter(self.account_by_label)))
-        self.selected_guids.clear()
         if self.account_var.get():
             self._account_selected()
         else:
@@ -257,7 +257,6 @@ class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
             self._render_transactions()
             return
         self.transactions = [item for item in all_transactions if item.amount > 0]
-        self.selected_guids.clear()
         self._render_transactions()
         file_key = self._current_file_key()
         if file_key is not None and self.config.gnucash_last_accounts.get(file_key) != account.guid:
@@ -286,22 +285,22 @@ class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
             result.append(item)
         return result
 
+    def _duplicate_payment_id(self, item: GnuCashTransaction) -> str | None:
+        return self.existing_payment_by_key.get((item.date.isoformat(), money_text(item.amount)))
+
     def _is_duplicate(self, item: GnuCashTransaction) -> bool:
-        return (item.date.isoformat(), money_text(item.amount)) in self.existing_payment_keys
+        return self._duplicate_payment_id(item) is not None
 
     def _render_transactions(self) -> None:
+        previously_selected = set(self.tree.selection())
         self.tree.delete(*self.tree.get_children())
         for item in self._filtered_transactions():
             duplicate = self._is_duplicate(item)
-            if duplicate:
-                self.selected_guids.discard(item.guid)
-            checked = item.guid in self.selected_guids
             self.tree.insert(
                 "",
                 "end",
                 iid=item.guid,
                 values=(
-                    "☑" if checked else "☐",
                     format_date_for_display(item.date.isoformat()),
                     item.description,
                     item.memo,
@@ -310,25 +309,15 @@ class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
                 ),
                 tags=("duplicate",) if duplicate else (),
             )
+        still_present = [guid for guid in previously_selected if self.tree.exists(guid)]
+        if still_present:
+            self.tree.selection_set(still_present)
         self._update_summary()
 
-    def _on_tree_click(self, event: tk.Event) -> None:
-        row_id = self.tree.identify_row(event.y)
-        column = self.tree.identify_column(event.x)
-        if not row_id or column != "#1":
-            return
-        item = next((entry for entry in self.transactions if entry.guid == row_id), None)
-        if item is None or self._is_duplicate(item):
-            return
-        if row_id in self.selected_guids:
-            self.selected_guids.discard(row_id)
-        else:
-            self.selected_guids.add(row_id)
-        self._render_transactions()
-
     def _update_summary(self) -> None:
         filtered = self._filtered_transactions()
-        selected_items = [item for item in filtered if item.guid in self.selected_guids]
+        selected_guids = set(self.tree.selection())
+        selected_items = [item for item in filtered if item.guid in selected_guids]
         total = sum((item.amount for item in selected_items), Decimal("0"))
         self.summary_var.set(
             f"{len(filtered)} Buchungen gefunden · {len(selected_items)} ausgewählt · "
@@ -336,17 +325,38 @@ class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
         )
 
     def _import_selected(self) -> None:
-        selected_items = [
-            item
-            for item in self.transactions
-            if item.guid in self.selected_guids and not self._is_duplicate(item)
-        ]
+        selected_guids = set(self.tree.selection())
+        selected_items = [item for item in self.transactions if item.guid in selected_guids]
         if not selected_items:
             messagebox.showinfo("Import", "Bitte mindestens eine Buchung auswählen.", parent=self)
             return
+
+        new_items = [item for item in selected_items if not self._is_duplicate(item)]
+        duplicate_items = [item for item in selected_items if self._is_duplicate(item)]
+
+        replace_description = False
+        if duplicate_items:
+            response = messagebox.askyesnocancel(
+                "Bereits vorhandene Buchungen ausgewählt",
+                (
+                    f"{len(duplicate_items)} der ausgewählten Buchungen stimmen in Datum und Betrag "
+                    "mit bereits vorhandenen Zahlungen dieses Mitglieds überein.\n\n"
+                    "Ja: Diese werden beim Import übersprungen.\n"
+                    "Nein: Bei diesen wird stattdessen die Beschreibung der vorhandenen Zahlung "
+                    "durch die Beschreibung aus GnuCash ersetzt.\n"
+                    "Abbrechen: Es wird nichts importiert."
+                ),
+                parent=self,
+            )
+            if response is None:
+                return
+            replace_description = not response
+
         imported = 0
+        updated = 0
+        processed_guids: set[str] = set()
         errors: list[str] = []
-        for item in selected_items:
+        for item in new_items:
             try:
                 self.repository.create_payment(
                     self.member_id,
@@ -356,21 +366,54 @@ class GnuCashImportDialog(tk.Toplevel):
                     gnucash_transaction_id=item.guid,
                 )
                 imported += 1
-                self.selected_guids.discard(item.guid)
+                processed_guids.add(item.guid)
             except RepositoryError as exc:
                 errors.append(
                     f"{format_date_for_display(item.date.isoformat())} · {money_text(item.amount)} EUR: {exc}"
                 )
-        if imported:
+        if replace_description:
+            for item in duplicate_items:
+                payment_id = self._duplicate_payment_id(item)
+                if not payment_id:
+                    continue
+                try:
+                    self.repository.update_payment_reference(
+                        self.member_id,
+                        payment_id,
+                        reference=item.description,
+                        gnucash_transaction_id=item.guid,
+                    )
+                    updated += 1
+                    processed_guids.add(item.guid)
+                except RepositoryError as exc:
+                    errors.append(
+                        f"{format_date_for_display(item.date.isoformat())} · "
+                        f"{money_text(item.amount)} EUR: {exc}"
+                    )
+
+        if imported or updated:
             self._load_existing_payment_keys()
             self._render_transactions()
+            still_selected = set(self.tree.selection()) - processed_guids
+            self.tree.selection_set(list(still_selected))
+
+        summary_parts = []
+        if imported:
+            summary_parts.append(f"{imported} Zahlung(en) importiert")
+        if updated:
+            summary_parts.append(f"{updated} Beschreibung(en) aktualisiert")
+        skipped = len(duplicate_items) if not replace_description else 0
+        if skipped:
+            summary_parts.append(f"{skipped} übersprungen (bereits vorhanden)")
+        summary = ", ".join(summary_parts) or "Keine Buchung verarbeitet."
+
         if errors:
             messagebox.showwarning(
                 "Import teilweise fehlgeschlagen",
-                f"{imported} Zahlung(en) importiert.\n\nNicht importiert:\n" + "\n".join(errors),
+                f"{summary}.\n\nFehler:\n" + "\n".join(errors),
                 parent=self,
             )
         else:
-            messagebox.showinfo("Import abgeschlossen", f"{imported} Zahlung(en) importiert.", parent=self)
-        if imported:
+            messagebox.showinfo("Import abgeschlossen", f"{summary}.", parent=self)
+        if imported or updated:
             self.on_imported()
diff --git a/tests/test_contributions.py b/tests/test_contributions.py
index d389e2d..7113d6e 100644
--- a/tests/test_contributions.py
+++ b/tests/test_contributions.py
@@ -251,6 +251,71 @@ def test_payment_can_be_deleted_with_its_allocations(tmp_path) -> None:
     assert repository.get_events(member.member_id)[-1].event_type == "payment_deleted"
 
 
+def test_payment_reference_can_be_replaced_without_touching_amount_or_allocations(tmp_path) -> None:
+    repository, member = _repository_with_claim(tmp_path)
+    payment = repository.record_payment(
+        member.member_id,
+        "claim-1",
+        payment_date="2026-06-21",
+        amount="10.00",
+        allocation_amount="10.00",
+        reference="Alte Referenz",
+    )
+
+    updated = repository.update_payment_reference(
+        member.member_id,
+        payment["payment_id"],
+        reference="Neue Referenz aus GnuCash",
+        gnucash_transaction_id="TX-99",
+    )
+
+    data = repository.get_contributions(member.member_id)
+    assert updated["reference"] == "Neue Referenz aus GnuCash"
+    assert updated["gnucash_transaction_id"] == "TX-99"
+    assert data.payments[0]["amount"] == "10.00"
+    assert payment_allocated_total(data, payment["payment_id"]) == Decimal("10.00")
+    assert repository.get_events(member.member_id)[-1].event_type == "payment_changed"
+
+
+def test_payment_reference_update_rejects_gnucash_id_already_used_elsewhere(tmp_path) -> None:
+    repository, member = _repository_with_claim(tmp_path)
+    repository.record_payment(
+        member.member_id,
+        "claim-1",
+        payment_date="2026-06-21",
+        amount="10.00",
+        allocation_amount="10.00",
+        gnucash_transaction_id="TX-1",
+    )
+    data = repository.get_contributions(member.member_id)
+    data.claims.append(
+        {
+            "claim_id": "claim-2",
+            "claim_key": "second-claim",
+            "title": "Zweite Forderung",
+            "amount": "20.00",
+            "due_date": "2026-12-31",
+            "status": "open",
+        }
+    )
+    repository.save_contributions(member.member_id, data)
+    second_payment = repository.record_payment(
+        member.member_id,
+        "claim-2",
+        payment_date="2026-06-22",
+        amount="20.00",
+        allocation_amount="20.00",
+    )
+
+    with pytest.raises(RepositoryError, match="GnuCash-ID bereits verwendet"):
+        repository.update_payment_reference(
+            member.member_id,
+            second_payment["payment_id"],
+            reference="Duplikatversuch",
+            gnucash_transaction_id="TX-1",
+        )
+
+
 def test_credit_claim_settlement_is_displayed_as_positive_amount() -> None:
     claim = {"claim_id": "claim-1", "title": "Kautionsrückzahlung", "amount": "-25.00"}
     data = ContributionData(